Use of artificial intelligence for health science in low- and middle-income countries: NIH portfolio landscape, gaps and opportunities

NIH investment in peer-reviewed AI-enabled health research is expanding globally. LMIC-focused studies prioritise areas aligned with pressing global health needs, including outbreak detection, disease surveillance, diagnostics and treatment, health system optimisation and remote care. Greater attention to ethics, data governance and public health communication, alongside support for digital infrastructure and meaningful collaboration, may help strengthen the relevance and sustainability of AI-enabled research for population health.