Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus drug-resistance mutations among individuals with low-level-viremia in low-income and middle-income countries: A meta-analysis

Most individuals with LLV have resistance mutations and remain on a failed regimen over an extended period. Because resistance testing is not routinely performed in LMIC, lowering the viral failure threshold may improve timely switching to effective regimens, preserve treatment options, and reduce resistance accumulation in high HIV burden regions.