From Vision to Precision: A Systematic Review of Intraoperative Navigation Techniques in Endometriosis Surgery

In endometriosis surgery, IOI, particularly indocyanine green-guided surgery, and IOUS currently constitute the predominant reported navigation modalities, supporting real-time anatomical orientation and informed intraoperative decision-making in complex pelvic disease, while AR/VR applications remain at an early stage of clinical translation. Despite the challenging pelvic anatomy and heterogenous disease manifestations that could benefit from intraoperative navigation, current evidence remains limited. Prospective comparative studies are needed to define clinical indications and to determine the added value of these technologies.