Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in a patient transplanted from a matched related but non-sibling donor

While post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy)-based prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was increasingly used not only in haploidentical transplantation but also in transplantation from matched related donors, its benefit in the setting of matched non-sibling donors (MNSD) had not been discussed or reported. A 70-year-old Japanese male who was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia with internal-tandem duplication of the FLT3 gene was treated with intensive chemotherapy and quizartinib. After one cycle of consolidation, he was transplanted from an HLA 8/8 matched daughter. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of PTCy, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Neutrophil engraftment was attained at day 16, and he was still in remission at 1 year without complication, but except or grade II acute skin GVHD. Although there had been few reports on PTCy-based GVHD prophylaxis in transplantation from MNSD, our report suggested that these patients could benefit from this type of GVHD prophylaxis.