Never-ending Acronym Madness: Proposing a harmonized definition for NAMs

As scientists, regulators, and policymakers increasingly seek to reduce reliance on animal testing, “NAMs” are gaining attention. However, the acronym is used inconsistently, referring to New Approach Methodologies, Non-Animal Methods, and differing sets of technologies. This lack of clarity risks confusion, misaligned expectations, and inflated claims of progress. In this opinion paper, after a brief review of how NAMs have been defined across scientific and regulatory contexts, we propose a harmonized, goal-oriented definition applicable across sectors. A shared understanding of this key term will support transparent communication, meaningful evaluation, and effective adoption of these important technologies in research and regulatory contexts.