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Background: There is limited real-world evidence on the burden of atopic dermatitis (AD) in patients receiving systemic or non-systemic therapies in clinical practice in Russia. Aims: To understand severity of AD symptoms and quality of life (QoL) of patients receiving systemic and non-systemic treatment in the routine clinical practice. Materials and methods: ESSENTIAL AD was a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective chart review study in adult (18–65 years) patients with the confirmed AD. The results provided in this article are obtained in Russia as a part of the multicountry study. Primary variables included Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) according to the assessment at the single visit performed at the study enrollment in. Patients were prescribed to and administered all treatments irrespectively to the study participation. Results: A total of 125 patients were analyzed, 63 of whom received systemic and 62 non-systemic therapy. Mean disease duration was 15.5±14.5 years. In the overall population, EASI, SCORAD and DLQI total scores were 9.0±10.1, 32.9±16.1 and 8.9±7.0, respectively, which corresponded to moderate disease severity and moderate effect of AD on QoL. Disease burden was significantly higher in systemic treatment group vs non-systemic: EASI was 12.4±11.5 (moderate) vs 5.4±6.8 (mild) (p0.0001) and SCORAD was 38.6±16.7 vs 27.0±13.2 (moderate category for both groups) (p0.0001), respectively. Impact of the disease on QoL was also more pronounced (p0.002) in systemic vs non-systemic treatment group with DLQI of 10.7±7.1 (very large effect on QoL) vs 7.1±6.4 (moderate effect on QoL), respectively. Conclusions: According to the data obtained in real-world conditions of the Russian daily clinical practice, patients with AD have a prominent disease burden and impact on QoL, despite receiving systemic treatment, which is consistent with the wider population of the multinational ESSENTIAL-AD study. This reflects the unmet medical need for effective management of patients with moderate to severe AD in Russia.