Modern issues of accounting and reporting in the budget system

This article analyzes the modern challenges of accounting and reporting within the budget system from a scientific perspective. According to the research findings, although the digitalization and transparency of budget accounting and reporting significantly increased during the period 2019–2024, the insufficient reflection of social performance indicators in financial reports remains a key issue. Based on the analysis of international sources (IPSAS, OECD, IMF) and national practices, the study develops the “Budget Accounting and Reporting Efficiency Model” for evaluating budget reporting. The model substantiates the necessity of assessing budget information not only in terms of financial transactions but also in terms of the efficiency of public services and social benefits generated by public expenditures.