Sustainability in the care sector in Germany: introducing the MORE model for ESG and digitalisation

Abstract The use of digital technologies plays a pivotal role in enhancing sustainability performance in the care sector. However, their application in advancing ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria remains underexplored. This is particularly true in relation to environmental sustainability, labour conditions, and governance structures. In addition, the wide range of possible combinations between digitalisation, care settings, and sustainability dimensions makes systematic analysis difficult. This study addresses this gap by conducting a structured literature-based analysis and developing a new model for practical application. It examines how digital technologies influence ESG aspects within care institutions, focusing on their impact on environmental performance, social working conditions, and governance frameworks. Findings reveal that the use of digital systems in care entails both opportunities and risks. Technological solutions may support resource efficiency, improve transparency, and alleviate workforce burdens, but may also generate environmental costs, raise surveillance concerns, or exacerbate social inequalities. A balanced and context-sensitive approach is essential for responsible implementation. To support systematic analysis and practical decision-making, the study introduces the MORE model (Monitoring, Optimising, Rebalancing, Embedding)–a novel visual and analytical framework. The model allows for evaluating and guiding how digital solutions interact with ESG dimensions across various care settings, offering a flexible tool to promote sustainable innovation in the care sector.