Microscopic Examination of Parasite Contamination and Application of HACCP in Food Safety: A Comparative Study of Manila and Osaka

This study investigates food safety practices and the potential presence of parasite contamination in food establishments in Manila, Philippines, and Osaka, Japan. Using a descriptive-comparative design, the research integrates structured observations, microscopic examination of food and water samples, and environmental assessments of hygiene and sanitation practices. A total of ten food samples were collected and analyzed from various establishments, including restaurants, cafeterias, convenience stores, and street food vendors. Microscopic examination focused on identifying the presence or absence of parasite eggs, cysts, or larvae. Observational checklists were also used to document food handling practices, sanitation measures, and environmental conditions. Results indicate generally high compliance with food safety standards in both cities, with parasites not detected in most samples. However, one sample from Manila contained a fruit fly larva, indicating a potential contamination risk. Comparative observations also revealed differences in regulatory enforcement and hygiene practices, particularly regarding the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems. The findings highlight the importance of regulatory enforcement, food handler training, and environmental sanitation in maintaining food safety. The study provides comparative insights that can inform food safety policies, training programs, and public health initiatives aimed at reducing contamination risks in urban food establishments.