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Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. However, urological complications, such as ureteral obstruction, may compromise the graft. Ureteral stenting is widely used to prevent these complications, although it is associated with risks such as urinary tract infections and stone formation, raising controversies regarding its actual benefit. Objective: To evaluate the impact of ureteral stent use in kidney transplantation and its influence on reducing urological complications. Methods: An integrative review was conducted in PubMed and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) databases, including articles in Portuguese and English published from 2015 to 2025, available in full text, and involving adult patients. A total of 20 studies were selected after screening 287 records. Results: National and international publications included systematic reviews, clinical trials, and cohort studies, mainly addressing urinary tract infection, ureteral stenosis, and fistula associated with stent use. Discussion: The duration of stent placement showed a direct impact on complications. Early removal, within 14 days, reduced urinary tract infection (UTI) incidence without increasing fistulas or stenosis, while prolonged use favored bacterial colonization. The absence of a stent increased leakage and stenosis rates, confirming its protective role in some scenarios. Double-J stents were associated with a lower risk of severe complications but with a higher UTI incidence. Conclusion: Ureteral stenting reduces urological complications in kidney transplantation, but dwell time directly affects the risk of UTI and stenosis. Further studies comparing duration strategies and different stent materials are needed to support safer clinical protocols.