The Reuse of Modern Historical Buildings in Tianjin--The Impact of Commercial Tenants on the Protection of Concession-Era Architecture

The concession-era architectural structures in Tianjin stand as notable heritage assets, with a growing trend of repurposing them for commercial ventures. Business operations within these premises bring about both chances to safeguard the heritage and potential threats to it. On-site investigations conducted in Wudadao and the Italian Style Town show that most businesses keep the original exterior appearances intact while reworking the inner spaces. The restaurant retains the traditional spatial layout, the bookstore incorporates classic design features, and the hotel maintains the authenticity of the architectural structure. Some merchants put profits above conservation work and made unauthorized changes, damaging the historical integrity of these buildings. Residents mentioned that the maintenance of these buildings has improved, but they also pointed out that the number of tourists has increased. Compared with vacant properties, tourists have a higher level of participation in commercial Spaces that are actively in use. The "Regulations on the Protection of Historical Style Buildings in Tianjin" provides useful guidance when implemented correctly, although compliance with the regulations varies. These difficulties include insufficient training in preservation techniques and the need for modern facilities. The main solutions include providing financial incentives for renovation projects that meet the regulations, conducting heritage education for tenants, and simplifying the approval process, etc. These steps help support the sustainable reuse of buildings while maintaining their historical authenticity. When commercial activities are properly managed, they will become an effective way to protect architectural heritage. The results of this study provide practical ideas for adopting an active utilization strategy to protect similar heritage sites around the world.