Macrolide resistance determinants and their associations in streptococci from selected livestock and wildlife species from Catalonia, Northeast Spain

This study adds evidence about the prevalence of macrolide and lincosamide resistance genes among streptococci from livestock, companion animals, and wildlife. It shows that streptococci from farm animals present the highest resistance rates and the presence of resistance in wild animals, like wild boars. From a One Health perspective, this study shows that resistance determinants could be shared between animal and human streptococci. It claims the need for surveillance of antibiotic resistance of human and animal streptococci in order to mitigate the emergence of resistance.