Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum: a review of nursing research progress

Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is a rare and therapeutically challenging inflammatory dermatosis predominantly affecting individuals with stoma surgery. This review provides a comprehensive overview of PPG, encompassing its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and nursing management. PPG's multifactorial etiology involves immune dysfunction, genetic predisposition, surgical trauma, and demographic factors, which contribute to the formation of painful ulcers that significantly impair patients' quality of life. Accurate diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach, including clinical evaluation, histopathological examination, and advanced diagnostic criteria. Effective management combines local wound care, systemic therapies, and surgical interventions, emphasizing a patient-centered and evidence-based approach. Nursing strategies, including advanced wound care, pain management, psychological support, nutritional interventions, and health education, play a vital role in optimizing outcomes and preventing recurrence. Future research should focus on the development of specific biomarkers, novel therapeutic agents, and standardized nursing protocols to address the unmet needs in PPG care. This integrated diagnostic, therapeutic, and nursing framework aims to enhance patient outcomes and provide insights for future clinical and research advancements.