Peri-lymphatic cytokines (IRX-2) as immunologic induction preceding neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer

We previously showed the feasibility and immunologic effects of multivalent peri-lymphatic cytokine injection (IRX-2) in early-stage breast cancer. We now report outcomes of a pilot evaluation of IRX-2 + pembrolizumab induction preceding neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Single-cycle induction was associated with radiographic tumor regression, tumor necrosis, immune infiltration, and high pathologic complete response rate following platinum-sparing chemo-immunotherapy. Further investigation of peri-lymphatic cytokines in TNBC is warranted.