Serum Vitamin D, A, and E Concentrations and Their Associations with Chronic Diseases in Adult Patients Referred to Italian General Practitioners’ Offices

Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Italian primary care populations. Vitamin A concentrations show independent associations with multimorbidity and cancer, suggesting a potential negative influence of an animal-based diet, warranting prospective investigation. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive vitamin assessment in general practice settings.