Primary Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma of the Omentum A Case Report

Introduction Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) constitute an extensive group of aggressive and rare tumors with heterogeneous histology. Liposarcoma is the most common subtype of all soft tissue sarcomas. Primary liposarcoma of the omentum is rare, with only 26 cases described in the literature. We report the case of a dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the omentum in a 39-year-old woman along with a literature review. Presentation of the Case A 39-year-old female patient was found to have an 8-cm pelvic extraovarian lesion (suspected GIST) via computed tomography, which gradually increased in size on subsequent imaging. The patient then underwent surgical resection of a 15x12x10 cm gray‒white mass arising from the omentum. Pathology was consistent with a primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the omentum. The patient experienced recurrence 4 months after initial resection; thus, she received palliative chemotherapy. Discussion Primary liposarcoma of the omentum is rarely described in the literature, and its differentiation from other tumors on microscopic examination is truly challenging. Adjuvant therapy is controversial, and radical resection remains the mainstay treatment. Our patient underwent surgical resection, followed by recurrence and systemic chemotherapy. Conclusion The diagnosis of primary liposarcoma of the omentum is puzzling, and treatment options are not well established. Emerging data and ongoing trials raise the hope for these patients to reach an unmet need.