Periodontal biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: mechanisms, diagnostics, and clinical implications

20260 citationsJournal Articlehybrid Open Access

Authors

Max Foroughi · University of the Pacific

Abstract

Periodontal biomarkers reflect biologically plausible mechanisms linking oral and cardiovascular inflammation and may enhance cardiovascular risk stratification. Further standardization, validation, and interdisciplinary collaboration are required for clinical translation.

Topics & Keywords

Oral microbiology and periodontitis research Biomarkers in Disease Mechanisms Dental Radiography and Imaging

Publication Details

Published in: Infection

DOI: 10.1007/s15010-026-02778-y

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Periodontal biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: mechanisms, diagnostics, and clinical implications

Authors

Abstract

Topics & Keywords

Publication Details