AI–Derived Electronic Tumor Marker For Cancer Antigen 19-9 Nonproducers With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

In this study, e19-9 was a noninvasive AI-derived marker that may provide accurate and relevant information to assess treatment response for the approximately 30% of patients with PDAC who do not produce CA19-9 at elevated levels. The development and validation of scalable, noninvasive screening methods using machine-learning algorithms may pave the way for early detection, prognostication, and treatment of cancers.