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Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) has progressed from a specialized innovation to a standard modality in gastroenterology, offering real-time optical diagnosis and immediate therapeutic decision-making. This chapter reviews dye-based methods and equipment-based technologies for colorectal evaluation, highlighting their role in improving the detection, classification, and management of lesions from hyperplastic and serrated polyps to malignant neoplasms. Beyond technical advances, emphasis is placed on expertise development through guided learning, mental models, and structured frameworks such as the ACES approach. Practical application is demonstrated through case studies, reinforcing diagnostic strategies and decision-making in diverse clinical settings. By uniting technological progress with the science of expertise, IEE advances precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes in colorectal lesion evaluation.