Effects of family and domestic violence on adolescents' health‐related quality of life in China: Roles of health‐risk behaviors and social supports

Family and domestic violence (FDV) has profound effects on adolescents, acting as a key predictor of poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, research on its comprehensive health impacts remains sparse. The study aims to examine the mediating role of health-risk behaviors (HRB) and the moderating role of social support in the relationship between FDV and HRQoL. Data were drawn from the 2022 Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents, involving 4003 adolescents aged 12-19 years in China. Structural Equation Models were employed to investigate the relationship between FDV, HRB, social support, and adolescent HRQoL. Nearly half of the adolescents reported experiencing FDV. FDV was significantly associated with lower HRQoL among adolescents. HRB, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep disorders, and appetite loss, mediated this relationship. Social support moderated the effects of HRB on HRQoL, buffering the negative impact. Gender differences were observed in how specific types of FDV affected HRQoL. These results provide a basis for policymakers to develop comprehensive strategies for reducing HRB and strengthening support systems for adolescents. Additionally, gender-specific interventions are essential for addressing the unique needs of affected populations.