Impact of Etiological Shifts and the Rising Burden of Non–B Non–C Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Surveillance and Prognosis: Insights From a 20‐Year Retrospective Observational Study

Although regular surveillance provides a robust survival benefit independent of liver function, a critical "surveillance gap" persists in the rapidly expanding NBNC population. The high reliance on CT/MRI and DCP in NBNC patients suggests that standard ultrasound and AFP-based strategies may have limitations in this group. Etiology-specific protocols integrating cross-sectional imaging and combined biomarkers warrant further consideration to bridge this gap.