Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation in a 43-Year-Old Male Patient

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is an embryonic disorder of pulmonary vessels characterized by a communication between arterial and venous vessels. It occurs in 2–3 cases per 100 thousand population. In 60–70% of cases, PAVM can be single, in 30–40% of cases they are multiple, in 75% of cases – unilateral. It is known that the effect of oncogenes, teratogens, and ionizing radiation in the 7–12th weeks of embryogenesis is a prerequisite for the formation of vascular anomalies. However, the main role belongs to genetic factors involved in angiogenesis, inflammatory cytokine genes and genes encoding factors involved in vascular wall remodeling. The article presents a clinical case of PAVM in S4, S5 of the left lung diagnosed by contrast-enhanced multislice computed tomography. The pathology was detected in a 43-year-old male patient who complained of non-productive cough, inspiratory dyspnea with minor physical exertion, headaches, severe general weakness, which appeared after left-sided pneumonia suffered a month before admission to the hospital. Left-sided video-assisted thoracic surgery was performed with segmentectomy of S4, S5 left lung segments. Histological examination revealed arteriovenous anastomoses.