Occipitocervical dissociation: A narrative review and case series with a novel management algorithm proposal

Occipitocervical dissociation refers to dislocation or subluxation of the occipitocervical region. It is a rare injury caused by high-energy trauma that may go unnoticed. It is usually associated with vascular injuries and can lead to catastrophic outcomes. Computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice due to its wide availability and routine use in initial trauma assessment. Magnetic resonance imaging is essential for accurately identifying and characterizing ligamentous injuries. Numerous classifications and measurements are available for diagnosis, and all remain valid today. It requires urgent treatment to prevent additional injury.