Identifying knowledge gaps in reproductive health management for women with multiple sclerosis and healthcare professionals: a scoping review

Research indicates that pregnancy does not negatively impact the long-term progression of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, women with MS (WwMS) often do not have access to consistent and reliable information on reproductive health, particularly in settings with limited resources. This scoping review aims at providing an overview of the current evidence on knowledge gaps and information needs on reproductive health by WwMS in childbearing age globally. The review was conducted in May 2025 by searching three databases for peer-reviewed studies involving adult women with a diagnosis of MS and/or addressing their knowledge on reproductive health. Studies on professionals engaged in MS care as providers of information about reproductive health were also included. Data were categorized according to 13 key reproductive health indicators. Finally, of 545 records screened, 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies included only WwMS (59%) and were based in high-income countries (72%). Results are presented in an interactive scoping map showing the distribution of key health indicators across study characteristics such as geographic area, study design, and methods. This review highlights gaps in studies targeting the experience of WwMS in managing reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries. Systematic review registration The scoping review was registered on Zenodo at the following link: https://zenodo.org/records/13866567 .