Major clinical approaches and treatment in malocclusion: a systematic review

Introduction: Malocclusion has been an aggravating factor in the development of caries, and may not be the main factor for the development of some temporomandibular dysfunction, but it is an untreated cofactor when diagnosed. The use of orthodontic restraint in the post-treatment phase is of great importance so that there is no recurrence of tooth movement that may occur during the period of remodeling of the dental structures. Objective: It was to explore the literary findings about the importance of knowing the advances in orthodontics in order to better understand the main treatments of malocclusions and the importance of their use for rehabilitation in the functional, aesthetic and psychological aspects of the patient. Methods: The systematic review rules of the PRISMA Platform were followed. The search was conducted from December 2025 to January 2026 across the Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. The quality of the studies was assessed using the GRADE instrument, and the risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: According to the GRADE instrument, most studies presented homogeneity in their results, with X2=72.7%>50%. A total of 138 articles were found and submitted for eligibility analysis, with 28 final studies selected to compose the results of this systematic review. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 27 studies with a high risk of bias and 26 studies that did not meet GRADE and AMSTAR-2 standards. Due to the aging of the stomatognathic apparatus the orofacial functions can be modified, such as malocclusion, therefore for greater effectiveness and longevity of the final result of the orthodontic treatment the indefinite use of fixed inferior containment should be established and accompanied by the professional.