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Australia's infrastructure governance landscape is shaped by its federal structure, vast geography, and growing pipeline of large-scale public investments. This chapter outlines the structure and operation of Australia's governance models, exploring the role of assurance reviews, strategic planning, and institutional reforms in shaping infrastructure outcomes. The Federal Government's Gateway Review Process has six stages, from establishing a business need to ex post evaluation: business need, business case, delivery strategy, investment decision, readiness for service, and benefits realization. Ex post evaluation, the assessment of whether a project has delivered its intended objectives, is a key part of the Gateway Review framework. Transparency is enhanced by audit offices in each federal, state, and territory government, which can review past decisions, projects, and funding programmes with varying levels of independence and autonomy.