Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: A Promising Candidate for Nose-to-Brain Targeted Delivery in Parkinson’s Disease Treatment

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This common neurodegenerative illness, which commonly develops in individuals approximately fifty years old and is characterized by cognitive or motor abnormalities, comprises speech difficulties and gait problems as symptoms. Methods: The Study selection focused on identifying relevant literature discussing the application of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for nose-to-brain drug delivery in Parkinson’s disease. Peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and experimental studies highlighting the advantages of SLNs in bypassing the blood-brain barrier and enhancing central nervous system drug targeting were thoroughly reviewed. Results: Solid lipid-based nanocarriers have been proposed as an effective nose-to-brain drug delivery approach, enabling the safe and site-specific administration of therapeutic agents for Parkinson’s disease. The nervous system may absorb them due to their lipophilic characteristics. Furthermore, biocompatible and biodegradable, they may decrease the metabolism of loaded drugs, enhancing their stability. Through improved drug solubility, permeability across the bloodbrain barrier, and an extended half-life in circulation. Discussion: In the current review, the intranasal approach was selected to facilitate the delivery of medication to the CNS. Conclusion: NBDD enables direct drug delivery to the brain via the olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways, bypassing the blood-brain barrier and avoiding first-pass metabolism and gastrointestinal degradation. This results in faster onset of action and rapid drug absorption, as well as increased concentrations of drugs along with bioavailability of the brain, which lowers dosage as well as systemic side effects.