Tuberculosis in children and young people in a Low-Incidence Country: Shifting Trends and the Urgent Need for Targeted Vaccination in those At-Risk

In a single-centre Italian study (201 6-2023), we analyzed all children and young people (n=53) with tuberculosis. All were born to foreign born parents. Those born in Italy were younger and mainly pulmonary, while those born abroad were more frequently malnourished and BCG vaccinated. These findings highlight the need for targeted screening, nutrition support, and vaccination strategies.