The Effect of Physical Activity on Anxiety Symptoms in Adults: A Literature Review

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, substantially impairing quality of life and social functioning. Although psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy remain the primary treatment modalities, there is a growing interest in non-pharmacological adjunctive interventions, including physical activity. The aim of this review is to assess current scientific evidence regarding the impact of physical activity on the reduction of anxiety symptoms in adults. The findings of the analyzed studies indicate that physical activity is an effective method for alleviating anxiety symptoms and, due to its additional health benefits, should be recommended to the majority of patients. The greatest therapeutic effects have been observed in mind–body activities such as yoga, as well as in exercises of moderate to high intensity. Further research is required to determine optimal exercise dosage, duration, and modality, as well as to develop clinical guidelines tailored to the specific needs of individual patient groups.