Analyzing the Impact of Depression on All-Cause Mortality in Different Sex and Age Groups: A 11-Year Follow-Up Study of Spanish Population

The depression and all-cause mortality relationship was found only in +65 men. These differences may be driven by gender-specific factors such as delayed help-seeking, higher levels of social isolation, and the accumulation of chronic comorbidities. Therefore, preventive interventions must prioritize age- and gender-specific strategies to address these risk patterns.