Design and Optimization of RFID Antennas for Enhanced Read Range and Efficiency

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is used in various applications such as logistics and tracking in IoT-based devices with limited factors such as low read range and poor efficiency caused by improper design of the antenna. This paper discusses the design and optimization of a microstrip patch antenna at 915 MHz to overcome such limitations. The performance parameters such as return loss (S11), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain and radiation pattern are studied using simulation techniques. The optimized antenna design shows improved performance of return loss is improved to -20 dB from -8 dB. Similarly, the VSWR is improved to 1.2 from 2.5. The gain is also improved to 5-7 dBi from 2 dBi. This shows that the design has improved performance of impedance matching and gain. This design is better than the traditional RFID antenna in impedance matching and gain. This design is structurally optimized. The read range is improved to 8-12 m from 3 m. This demonstrates that the design is both dependable and efficient performance. This design may be utilized in many applications including logistics and tracking in IoT-based devices.