Comparative Characteristics of Clinical, Radiological and Laboratory Data in Patients with Pulmonary Mycobacteriosis Caused by M. avium, M. kansasii

The objective: to identify specific clinical, radiological, and laboratory changes in the patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M. avium or M. kansasii . Subjects and Methods. An open retrospective cohort study was conducted. Examinations of 102 patients with confirmed pulmonary mycobacteriosis caused by M. avium or M. kansasii were analyzed. Among those examined, 79 (77.5%) were women and 23 (22.5%) were men. The age of patients ranged from 21 to 86 years old, the average age was 54.2 ±14.64 years old. All patients included in the study had newly detected changes in the lungs (foci, dissemination, and cavities); during the examination patients’ history was collected, and a physical examination was performed. Results. In pulmonary MB caused by M. kansasii , a cavitary radiological form was typical – 66.6% versus 16.6% for MB caused by M. avium ( p <0.05); in MB caused by M. avium , the bronchiectatic form developed in 53% versus 22.7% for MB caused by M. kansasii ( p <0.05). In 63.4% of cases, the intoxication syndrome prevailed among clinical signs of MB. Concomitant pathology was reported in MB cases caused by M. avium in 68.1% versus 31.8% cases caused by M. kansasii ( p <0.05). The absence of concomitant diseases in pulmonary MB was reported in 63.8% of cases caused by M. kansasii versus 38.8% caused by M. avium ( p <0.05). In MB, the ventilation capacity of the lungs was often impaired according to the obstructive type.