Power Electronics-Based Grid Stabilization Using a Self-Tuning Fractional Order PID Controller

Grid stability is one of the greatest challenges modern power systems face due to increasing load variations and disturbances. Traditional PID (Proportional-IntegralDerivative) controllers are not suitable for dynamic conditions of the grid due to their static parameters, while FOPID (Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers can be applied for dynamic manuals but require optimum parameters for better performance. This study advocates closed-loop real-time stabilization in power electronic-based systems using an optimized self-tuning FOPID controller by GWO (Grey Wolf Optimizer). The novelty of adopting the technique is that the GWO uses a dynamic search mechanic to tune the FOPID parameters for the best control performance under changing grid conditions. The development of the proposed framework is a grid-connected power electronic system and its mathematical modeling on grid dynamics, formulation of FOPID control law, and parameter selection through GWO optimization. Evident through simulation results, GWO-tuned FOPID controller reduced rise time, settling time, and overshoot and was way much better than error minimization achieved using traditional PID and non-optimized FOPID controllers. The superiority of the system regarding disturbance robustness stability makes it promising for realworld power system applications. GWO-optimized FOPIDs, therefore, are quite advanced and reliable devices for improving grid stability in power electronics-based systems, thereby concluding the study.