Perceptions of Vegetable and Fruit Retailers on Food Loss and Waste (FLW) and Its Environmental Impacts in Rural Markets of Faridpur, Bangladesh

Food loss and waste (FLW) is a critical global issue affecting food security, environmental sustainability, and economic efficiency, contributing significantly to resource depletion and greenhouse gas emissions. In Bangladesh, especially in rural markets, substantial losses of perishable produce occur due to inadequate infrastructure, poor handling, and limited awareness. Despite its importance, research on FLW at the retail level and retailers’ environmental perceptions remains limited. This study investigates the socioeconomic status, perceptions, practices, and environmental impacts related to food loss and waste (FLW) among vegetable and fruit retailers in rural markets in Faridpur District, Bangladesh. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys with 196 retail owners and qualitative key informant interviews (KIIs) with market committee members and Department of Agricultural Extension representatives. The results show a predominantly young, male retail owner, with a moderate level of education and experience in retailing perishable goods. Retail owners demonstrated strong awareness of the drivers of FLW, including poor transportation, selling delays, and over-purchasing, but highlighted infrastructure limitations, particularly the lack of cold storage, as key contributors to food waste. The study revealed that 75% of vegetable and 72% of fruit retailers recognized the environmental pollution and public health risks associated with food loss and waste (FLW). However, only 51–52% acknowledged FLW’s contribution to climate change. While most traders understood the immediate environmental and health impacts of vegetable and fruit loss, awareness of broader climate implications was comparatively lower. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to raise climate-related awareness and promote sustainable waste management practices among rural market retailers. Despite a strong willingness to adopt improved waste management practices, gaps in practical implementation, such as waste separation, proper handling, and waste management. These findings emphasize the need for integrated interventions combining education, infrastructure development, and behavior-based strategies to reduce FLW and mitigate its environmental and economic impacts in rural markets.