Medicinal plant raw materials and phytopreparations in the therapy of chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract

The aim. To analyze and summarize modern scientific data on the use of medicinal plant raw materials as a source of biologically active substances and herbal medicines (phytopreparations) in the therapy of chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract. Materials and methods. The search for scientific data was carried out in international scientific electronic databases Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, elibrary.ru and cyberleninka.ru. Publications for the period from 2010 to 2025 were studied. This review includes 446 sources of scientific information. Results. Chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract (CIDKUT) are becoming an increasingly important problem and require special attention. Modern medicine and pharmacy have a variety of official medicinal plant raw materials (MPRMs) at their disposal, which are a source of biologically active substances (BASs) and phytopreparations for the treatment and prevention of kidney diseases. In addition, new promising plant objects are being actively studied. The presented results of preclinical phytochemical and pharmacological, as well as clinical studies, reliably indicate the presence of a significant influence of the identified BASs, in particular, components of essential oils and phenolic compounds, on the main links of pathogenesis and on the development of diuretic, anti-inflammatory, uroseptic, litholytic and antilithogenic effects. All of the above stimulates the development of new combined phytopreparations, for which various approaches have been noted in their standardization, the choice of methods for analyzing leading and related BAS. Conclusion. The review examines and analyzes the current state of research in the field of using MPRM as a source of BASs of phytopreparations in the treatment of CIDKUT. It is shown that key classes of BAS of terpenoid and phenolic nature have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, diuretic, litholytic and antilithogenic effects. A number of promising non-pharmacopoeial types of MPRMs have been identified: true bedstraw herb, annual sunflower roots, rosehip roots, angelica rhizomes and roots, cranberry fruits, which have extensive empirical experience in folk medicine, as well as the results of laboratory chemical and preclinical studies.