The association between coronary microvascular dysfunction and HbA1c in patients with unstable angina pectoris

Background Angiographic microvascular resistance (AMR) is an effective parameter for assessing coronary microcirculatory function, and studies have indicated its association with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the relationship between glycemic metabolic status and AMR levels requires further investigation. Methods A total of 291 patients with unstable angina who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Cardiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from December 2022 to December 2023 were consecutively included, Based on the status of coronary microcirculation function, the enrolled patients were divided into a non-coronary microcirculation dysfunction group ( n = 172) and a coronary microcirculation dysfunction group ( n = 119). The baseline characteristics and correlation between glucose metabolism levels and microcirculation dysfunction were compared between the two groups. Results Compared to the non-coronary microcirculation dysfunction group, the coronary microcirculation dysfunction group had a higher proportion of female patients and higher levels HbA1c ( p < 0.05). Among all patients, univariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher HbA1c levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of coronary microcirculation dysfunction (OR = 2.037, 95% CI: 1.588–2.614, p < 0.005). After multivariate adjustment, elevated HbA1c levels remained an independent risk factor for coronary microcirculation dysfunction in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing PCI (OR = 2.061, 95% CI: 1.598–2.657, p < 0.001). Conclusions The HbA1c level is independently linked to a higher risk of post-PCI CMD.