THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF DIALOGUE: WHY HYPERCOMMUNICATION FAILS TO FOSTER MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING

The article explores a fundamental paradox of modern communication: despite the unprecedented growth of technical possibilities for interaction, there is a sense that mutual understanding between people is not increasing but, on the contrary, is encountering growing difficulties. The problem is presumed to be rooted in the ontological structure of human existence: consciousnesses remain fragmented monads, «locked» within unique phenomenological worlds. The key obstacle (following Roger Bell) is identified as the «demon of linguistic opacity» – an immanent law of communication that forces us to project our own semantic structures onto the words of the interlocutor. As a solution, a transition from the «natural attitude of consciousness» to the «phenomenological attitude» is proposed via three steps of reduction: 1) epoché – abstention from automatic interpretations; 2) reduction to the intentional core – a shift of focus onto the speaker’s intention; 3) analogizing apperception – cognitive empathy into the lifeworld of the Other. This method transforms dialogue from an exchange of signals into an act of joint constitution of meaning. The article argues that this approach represents not only a methodological breakthrough but also an ethical imperative aimed at overcoming semantic conflicts and creating a genuine intersubjective space.