Wearable Hybrid Textile Antenna with Energy Harvesting for Continuous Health Tracking

The proposed jeans-based wearable antenna can be further enhanced by implementing an optimization-driven hybrid approach that incorporates substrate engineering along with adaptive frequency turning. Instead of relying on the fixed dielectric properties of the jeans material. The antenna will be integrated with a thin conductive polymer nanocomposite or graphene-coated fabric layer whose permittivity changes with changing glucose concentrations. Such an adaptive substrate approach matched with a genetic algorithm-based optimisation in HFSS will provide apt control of resonance frequency shifts, thus improving sensitivity to minute changes in blood properties. Moreover, embedding a miniaturised energy harvesting circuit within the ground plane allows the antenna to self-power during operation, making continuous health tracking possible without any externally connected batteries. This innovative optimisation technique increases not only accuracy in distinguishing hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and normal glucose levels but also advances the antenna to become suitable for sustainable real-world deployment in smart healthcare.