Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Smarter Road Transport and Sustainable Economic Growth

ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly pivotal in enhancing the efficiency of road transportation and promoting economic growth, particularly in emerging economies. This literature review evaluates AI's potential to optimize transport systems, improve safety, and manage traffic congestion and logistics operations. The study investigates intelligent transportation systems that integrate AI and machine learning to forecast traffic patterns, adjust traffic signals in real-time, and detect incidents, thereby reducing delays and enhancing road safety. Furthermore, this review assesses the impact of AI-powered autonomous vehicles in minimizing accidents caused by human error and optimizing fuel consumption. The broader economic advantages of AI in transportation are discussed, emphasizing its influence on industrial production, domestic trade, and regional economic growth through improved infrastructure. However, the study acknowledges the challenges faced by emerging economies in deploying AI, including technological infrastructure limitations, data privacy concerns, and regulatory barriers. This review underscores the necessity for strategic investments in infrastructure and policy frameworks to facilitate AI's integration and scalability for sustainable economic growth. The methodology involves a thematic synthesis of secondary data from research articles, review papers, and online resources, utilizing keywords such as Artificial Intelligence, Road Transportation, and Economic Development. The study concludes by highlighting AI's significance in transforming transportation systems and establishing a foundation for sustainable economic growth in emerging economies. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Road Transportation, Emerging Economies, Economic Growth, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)