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Abstract This chapter examines three areas of program evaluation in the Global South. First, it compares the complexity of the social programs in the Global South to that of programs in the Global North. Second, it looks at evaluation in the Global South, where little has been done to address the power asymmetries in global evaluation that is intended to serve the interests of the Global South. Third, the chapter suggests that by harnessing the collective capacities and assets of both southern and northern institutions, the inequalities in power, resources, decision-making, and knowledge generation between the Global South and the Global North can be addressed in ways that serve the entire global evaluation community. This chapter discusses the complexities that exist with regard to social protection programs in the Global South, such as those related to economics, class and caste, religion, culture, and the indigenous community. The chapter highlights the present contemporary development management experience, which shows that the countries of the Global South have tremendous experience, as well as innovative ideas and systems to address evaluation and related issues. It discusses the approaches, tools, experiences, and unique localized examples that are crucial for the evaluation discipline, as well as international lessons learned. The chapter highlights the knowledge gaps with regard to evaluation technical knowledge, inequality, and incompatible mechanisms in resource incentives when evaluation programs originate in the Global North but are used for human development in the Global South.