A perspective on precision therapeutics in polycystic ovary syndrome: integrating multi-omics, AI-driven stratification, and emerging biologics

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent and heterogeneous disorders in reproductive endocrinology, contributing to substantial reproductive, metabolic, and psychological morbidity. Despite major advances in genomics, neuroendocrinology, and systems biology, translation into disease-modifying therapies remains limited. This Perspective argues for a strategic shift toward precision medicine, supported by molecular subtyping, multi-omics profiling, and artificial intelligence (AI). These tools now enable biologically informed patient stratification and the identification of novel therapeutic targets. We highlight emerging strategies - including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) neutralization, neuroendocrine modulators, metabolic agents, and next-generation biologics - and discuss the regulatory, ethical, and operational considerations required to accelerate innovation. A coordinated, multi-disciplinary approach integrating computational analytics, biomarker-driven endpoints, and patient-centered outcomes is essential to close the longstanding gap between scientific potential and clinical reality.