Evaluating CLAP and MERT for Fine-Grained Cymbal Classification: A Multi-Stage Representation Analysis

musical instrument analysis, focusing on cymbal classification. A confound-aware comparison of CLAP and MERT embeddings is conducted to examine how each latent space supports recoverability of acoustically and semantically relevant information. To support this analysis, a five-stage evaluation framework is introduced, comprising geometric inspection, leakage-safe probing, and unsupervised clustering, complemented by confound diagnostics formulated as a horizontal task across all stages. The methodology is applied to a challenging cymbal dataset characterized by hierarchical labels, class imbalance, and subtle acoustic variation. Results reveal a target-dependent profile of representational strengths rather than a single overall winner. CLAP exhibits stronger variance concentration and more label-consistent local neighborhood organization, and it clearly outperforms MERT on fine-grained, strike-related targets. MERT, however, retains a small but consistent advantage on higher-level cymbal-type classification. Unsupervised analyses show that these advantages reflect local neighborhood structure rather than strong global cluster formation, and confound diagnostics indicate that size-related information remains largely type-mediated. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of structured, multi-stage evaluation for disentangling embedding geometry, recoverability and confound effects, while demonstrating the complementary strengths of AFMs in complex audio classification settings.