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The present study was carried out to determine the effect of an anti-stressor nutritional supplement in combination with a progesterone implant on estrus induction and conception rates in summer anestrus Murrah buffaloes. In this study, 33 anovular lactating buffaloes (> 90 days postpartum) were monitored for one month and adjudged anovular through transrectal ultrasonography at 10-day intervals. Subsequently, buffaloes were divided into treatment (n=16) and control groups (n=17), and the treatment group buffaloes were given an anti-stressor feed supplement (a preparation consisting of sodium bicarbonate and additional minerals and vitamins ~ 100g daily) for 40 days, while the control group animals received no feed supplement and were fed the normal diet as per the farm schedule. A controlled internal drug-releasing device (CIDR, 1.38g progesterone, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Ltd.) was administered intravaginally 15 days prior to the start of the feeding trial and was left in place. After 7 days, implants were removed, and 400 IU PMSG (Folligon, MSD Animal Health, i.m) and 500 ug Cloprostenol (Injection Vetmate, 2 ml, i.m) were administered at the time of implant removal. Fixed-time insemination using frozen-thawed semen was carried out at 48 and 60 h after implant removal. The feeding trial was continued until 15 days post-artificial insemination (AI), and CIDR was inserted intravaginally simultaneously in the control group and kept in place for 7 days, similar to the treatment group. Within 15 days of feed supplementation, 37.5% (6/16) buffaloes in the treatment group resumed cyclicity as compared to 11.8% (2/17) in the control group. In response to hormonal treatment, the overall estrus induction rate was 100% for both the treatment and control groups. No difference in estrus intensity was observed between the groups. Following fixed-time AI, the conception rate was lower in the treatment group (37.5%) as compared to the control group (64.7%). However, approximately 70% of buffaloes became pregnant within two AIs in both groups. Furthermore, no significant difference (P = 0.60) in overall conception rates was found between the treatment (93.7%) and control groups (87.4%) within 90 days of CIDR removal. However, a significant difference (P = 0.03) in conception rates was noticed between 30–90 days of CIDR removal between the two groups (56.2% vs 17.7%). In conclusion, the inclusion of anti-stress supplements along with CIDR supplementation may enhance estrus induction in postpartum anestrus buffaloes during the summer season.