Green Public Procurement in Africa: A Comparative Study of Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa’s Priority Sectors

Green Public Procurement (GPP) is increasingly recognized as a vital tool for advancing sustainable development in Africa. This paper compares GPP frameworks in Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa, focusing on key sectors such as energy, transportation, construction, and ICT. Using survey data from 287 procurement professionals, policymakers, and sustainability officers, the study analyzes the legal, institutional, and operational aspects of GPP across countries. South Africa leads with a mature, well-coordinated system, while Nigeria and Kenya face challenges related to fragmented implementation and weak monitoring. The research highlights the importance of political will, agency collaboration, supplier development, and international support as drivers of successful GPP. The findings offer practical recommendations to harmonize policy and foster sustainable procurement across Africa.