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Introduction. It is known that plants synthesize a wide range of secondary metabolites that can potentially exhibit antibacterial activity. It has been established that mono-, bi-, and polycyclic terpenes, phenylpropanoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids have antimicrobial effects. The purpose of the work. Determination of biologically active substances of a little–studied plant object – Ethiopian sage (Salvia aethiopis L.); de-termination of the severity of the antimicrobial effect of extracts from raw materials against bacteria that most often cause respiratory tract diseases. Material and methods. For the study, samples of raw materials of wild plants Salvia aethiopis L. were used, harvested on the territory of the An-dropovsky district of the Mineralovodsk City District of the Stavropol Territory and the Zolsky district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic during the flow-ering phase in June-July 2024. The compounds were identified by TLC, and spectrophotometry was used for quantitative determination. To study the antimicrobial activity of Ethiopian sage herb, aqueous and water-alcohol extracts were prepared, and the antimicrobial activity of the extracts obtained was studied in accordance with the requirements of the Russian Federation Pharmacopeia XV ed. in vitro by diffusion into agar. Results. The amount of extractive substances extracted from the raw materials by various extractants has been determined. Diterpene, triterpene compounds, and tannins have been identified in the raw materials of Ethiopian sage herb. The quantitative determination of these compounds was car-ried out by the spectrophotometric method: the content of triterpene saponins was 1.10±0.02 and 1.03±0.02%, diterpenes – 5.11±0.02 and 9.22±0.02%, tannins – 4.01 ± 0.02%. The antimicrobial activity of alcohol extracts from Ethiopian sage herb against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus au-reus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria was determined. The most pronounced antibacterial effect was shown by 60%, 70% and 90% alcohol extracts. Conclusions. The results of the conducted research can be used to develop a methodology for the phased extraction of biologically active com-pounds from plant raw materials, taking into account their physico-chemical properties, allow us to characterize the antibacterial component and sug-gest the mechanism of antibacterial action of the active pharmaceutical substance released; consider the possibility of using extracts from Ethiopian sage herb as sources of biologically active compounds exhibiting antimicrobial activity.
Published in: Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry