Prevalence and Risk Factors of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Patients With Chronic Cutaneous Lupus: A Bicentric Study Employing Three Classification Criteria

This study, the largest in North Africa aiming to identify the prevalence and risk factors of SLE among CCLE patients, showed significant variability depending on the used classification criteria. Arthralgias represented an independent risk factor for SLE in CCLE patients. The findings of this study were used to develop a diagnostic algorithm to assist clinicians.