Dynamics of Lipid Metabolism Parameters in Oral Fluid and Blood in Elderly Patients during the Use of a Therapeutic and Preventive Complex

The oral health of elderly patients is closely related to systemic metabolic processes. Disorders of lipid metabolism are common in older adults and may influence inflammatory processes in periodontal tissues and the general condition of the oral cavity. Objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of a therapeutic and preventive complex on lipid metabolism indicators in oral fluid and blood serum in elderly patients during treatment. The study involved 34 elderly patients aged 60–75 years. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group (19 patients) and the comparison group (15 patients). Patients in the comparison group received only basic dental therapy, while patients in the main group additionally received a therapeutic and preventive complex including systemic and local agents. Lipid metabolism indicators in oral fluid (triglycerides and total cholesterol) and blood serum (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and atherogenic index) were evaluated at baseline and during follow-up after 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years. In elderly patients, lipid metabolism disorders were detected both in blood serum and oral fluid. The use of the therapeutic and preventive complex contributed to a significant decrease in triglycerides and total cholesterol in oral fluid as well as improvement of the lipid profile of blood serum, including a decrease in total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL levels and an increase in HDL levels with a reduction in the atherogenic index. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the therapeutic and preventive complex for maintaining oral health and preventing the progression of dental pathology in elderly patients considering systemic metabolic changes typical for this age group.