HIGHER EDUCATION LANDSCAPE IN NORTH BENGAL: GROWTH, DISTRIBUTION AND CHALLENGES

Access to higher education in rural India remains a significant challenge due to socio-economic inequalities, infrastructural deficits, and cultural complexities. This study critically examines the barriers faced by rural populations in North Bengal, a region characterized by a predominantly rural demographic with high concentrations of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes. Despite government initiatives, disparities persist in enrollment and retention, particularly among marginalized communities. Using secondary data and existing literature, the study highlights the limited institutional infrastructure, transportation challenges, gender norms, and linguistic barriers that restrict access to higher education. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in North Bengal remains below the national average, underscoring persistent inequities. The paper proposes strategic interventions including policy reforms, capacity building, and inclusive educational programs to enhance access and equity. These findings aim to inform policymakers and educational stakeholders for targeted actions fostering sustainable and equitable higher education development in rural North Bengal.