Association between voice handicap and life satisfaction in older adults following dental implant treatment

Background Communication-related functional outcomes in later life remain insufficiently addressed despite their relevance to adaptive capacity and psychosocial well-being. This study examined the association between perceived voice-related functional limitations and life satisfaction among older adults following dental implant treatment, with attention to indicators of age-related vulnerability. Methods This cross-sectional study included adults aged 60 + years who had received dental implant treatment. Perceived voice-related functional limitations were assessed using the Voice Handicap Index-10, while life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Multivariate analyses examined independent associations while controlling for sociodemographic and health-related variables. Results In 285 older adults (mean age 67.7 ± 6.1 years), bivariate analysis revealed a significant negative association between perceived voice-related functional limitation and life satisfaction (Spearman’s rho = −0.24, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, psychotropic medication use (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.63–6.23, p = 0.001) and lower educational attainment were independently associated with perceived voice handicap, suggesting increased vulnerability in specific subgroups. Conclusion Perceived voice-related functional limitations represent an important correlate of life satisfaction in later life, with the relationship likely influenced by broader vulnerability indicators. These findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary approaches integrating dental care, speech therapy, and gerontological perspectives to support adaptive capacity in older adults.