Effectiveness of the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) in Improving Access to Transportation: A Case Study of the Dar es Salaam–Dodoma Corridor in Tanzania

The Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) represents Tanzania’s most significant transport infrastructure investment, aiming to improve mobility and stimulate socio-economic development along the Dar es Salaam–Dodoma corridor. This study employed a convergent mixed-methods design, combining quantitative surveys (n = 230), secondary TRC operational data, and qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with passengers, traders, and transport officials. The study assessed the SGR’s effectiveness in reducing travel time and cost, enhancing reliability, improving connectivity, and generating economic opportunities. Quantitative findings revealed a 64% reduction in travel time, a 20% reduction in transport costs, and high passenger satisfaction (mean = 4.3/5). Qualitative findings highlighted enhanced accessibility, operational reliability, and new business activities, though challenges persisted regarding last-mile connectivity and affordability. Findings were interpreted through Accessibility Theory and Modernisation Theory, indicating that the SGR significantly improves transportation access and contributes to institutional and socio-economic modernisation. The study concludes that, while the SGR has transformed travel efficiency and regional connectivity, complementary measures are required to address inequities in access. Recommendations include improving the integration of last-mile transport, station-area development, and policies that promote inclusive access to transport.